{"id":12229,"date":"2022-11-11T10:05:58","date_gmt":"2022-11-11T08:05:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.famelab.gr\/?p=12229"},"modified":"2025-10-30T07:38:23","modified_gmt":"2025-10-30T07:38:23","slug":"population-characteristics-symptoms-and-risk-factors-of-idiopathic-chilblains-a-systematic-review-meta-analysis-and-meta-regression-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/population-characteristics-symptoms-and-risk-factors-of-idiopathic-chilblains-a-systematic-review-meta-analysis-and-meta-regression-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Population Characteristics, Symptoms, and Risk Factors of Idiopathic Chilblains: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/people\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12230 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.famelab.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Population-Characteristics-Symptoms-and-Risk-Factors-of-Idiopathic-Chilblains.-A-Systematic-Review-Meta-Analysis-and-Meta-Regression-300x243.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"243\" \/>Kapnia AK<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/people\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ziaka S<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/people\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ioannou LG<\/a>, Flouri I, <a href=\"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/people\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dinas PC<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/people\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Flouris AD<\/a>. Population Characteristics, Symptoms, and Risk Factors of Idiopathic Chilblains: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression.\u00a0<em>Biology<\/em>. 2022; 11(11):1651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology11111651<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Abstract:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Background: Chilblains\/perniosis is a non-freezing cold injury causing painful inflammatory skin lesions. Its pathogenesis remains poorly understood because it is often studied as secondary to other underlying conditions.<\/p>\n<p>Methods: We systematically investigated the population characteristics, symptoms, and predisposing factors of chilblains in healthy adults exposed to cool\/cold environments. We screened PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, and we adopted PRISMA reporting guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42021245307). The risk of bias was assessed by two independent reviewers (RTI item bank). Random-effects model meta-analyses were performed to calculate the pooled prevalence of histopathological features. Mixed-effects meta-regressions were used to assess other sources of between-study heterogeneity.<\/p>\n<p>Results: Thirteen studies (477 patients) were included. Chilblains affect more women than men, up to 12% of the body skin surface, and most frequently, the hands and fingers. Meta-analyses of nine studies (303 patients) showed a frequent presence of perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate (81%), basal epidermal-cell layer vacuolation (67%), papillary dermal edema (66%), and perieccrine lymphocytic infiltrate (57%). Meta-regressions (<span class=\"html-italic\">p<\/span>\u00a0\u2264 0.05) showed that smoking and frequent occupational exposure to water increase the likelihood of histopathological features.<\/p>\n<p>Conclusions: The population characteristics, symptoms, and predisposing factors of chilblains revealed in this analysis should be incorporated in medical care to improve the condition\u2019s diagnosis and management.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Full Text Link:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-7737\/11\/11\/1651\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-7737\/11\/11\/1651<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8302 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.famelab.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Line.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1316\" height=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kapnia AK, Ziaka S, Ioannou LG, Flouri I, Dinas PC, Flouris AD. Population Characteristics, Symptoms, and Risk Factors of Idiopathic Chilblains: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression.\u00a0Biology. 2022; 11(11):1651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology11111651 Abstract: Background: Chilblains\/perniosis is a non-freezing cold injury causing painful inflammatory skin lesions. Its pathogenesis remains poorly understood because it is often studied as secondary [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fame-lab-publications-2022"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12229"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12229\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16525,"href":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12229\/revisions\/16525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12229"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12229"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/famelab.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}